Monday 16 September 2013

Week 3 - Sept. 16 - 20


Latin Name: Cynara cardunculus
Common Name: cardoon, ornamental artichoke
Family: Asteraceae
Origin: Central/South Europe, Central Asia, North Africa
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Upright
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Alternate
Leaves: Pubescent, long and deeply divided, wavy margin
Flowers: Large composite flowers, many thin purple petals 
Fruit: Seeds attached to fluffy strands which help spread them by the wind
Cultural Requirements: Dry, well drained soil, full sun, don't like rich soil
Landscape Uses: Striking foliage, eye-catching, height
Notes: Foliage emerges in May, biennial, monocarpic


Latin Name: Alchemilla mollis
Common Name: lady's mantle
Family:
Rosaceae
Origin:
Central Europe
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
 
Form: Mounded
Habit:
Clump forming 
Buds: Alternate, basal 
Leaves: Lobed, toothed leaves
Flowers:
Small yellowish/green flowers in a pannicle
Cultural Requirements:
Moist soil, full sun to semi shade
Landscape Uses:
Foliage
Notes:
Flowers in June/July, self-seeds prolifically


Latin Name: Brunnera macrophylla
Common Name: Siberian bugloss
Family:
Boraginaceae
Origin:
Russia
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
 
Form: Mounded
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Large, puckered, mealy
Flowers:
Blue, "forget-me-not" style flowers
Cultural Requirements:
Wet soil, full sun to semi shade
Landscape Uses:
Ground cover
Notes:
Flowers in April, semi-evergreen


Latin Name: Astrantia major
Common Name: masterwort
Family: Apiaceae
Origin: Central/Eastern Europe
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Upright
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Alternate
Leaves: Palmate veination, deeply divided, serrated margins, spines at tips
Flowers: Compound umbel, small white flowers 
Stem/Bark: Finely grooved stem
Cultural Requirements: Prefers shade and moist soils
Landscape Uses: Plant in groupings for form
Notes: Flowers in mid/late summer

Latin Name: Aconitum autumnale
Common Name: monkshood
Family:
Ranunculaceae
Origin:
Western and Central Europe
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
 
Form: Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Palmate, deeply divided
Flowers:
Cymose raceme, builaterally symmetric, purple or white
Cultural Requirements:
Moist soil, partial sun
Landscape Uses:
Late summer colour
Notes:
All parts are deadly poisonous



Latin Name: Phytolacca clavigera
Common Name: Chinese pokeweed
Family:
Phytolaccaceae
Origin:
China
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Branching
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Wavy margin
Flowers:
Raceme, pink flowers 
Fruit: Berries
Cultural Requirements:
Full sun to semi shade, moist soil
Landscape Uses:
Striking height, eye-catching berries
Notes:
Flowers July/Aug/Sept, poisonous

Latin Name: Delphinium sp.
Common Name: delphinium, larkspur
Family: Ranunculaceae
Origin: Northern hemisphere
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Upright
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Alternate
Leaves: Simple, palmate, lobed, toothed
Flowers: Blueish/purple flowers on a spike 
Cultural Requirements: Full sin, well-drained organic soil
Landscape Uses: Late summer blooms, works when planted in drifts
Notes: Quite poisonous, finished flowers can be deadheaded, flowering begins in June


Latin Name: Echinops ritro
Common Name: globe thistle
Family:
Asteraceae
Origin:
Mediterranean
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Palmate, simple, many divisions, spiny with toothed margin
Flowers:
Globe shaped, thin purplish petals
Stem/Bark:
Grooved stalk
Cultural Requirements:
Full sun to bright shade, dry soil
Landscape Uses:
Form, foliage, unique inflorescence
Notes:
Can grow to 4' tall



Latin Name: Phlomis tuberosa
Common Name: Jerusalem sage
Family:
Lamiaceae
Origin:
Mediterranean
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial  
Form: Upright
Habit:
Mound forming
Buds:
Opposite
Leaves:
Basal, decussate, ovate shape, acute apex, fine hairs  
Flowers: Flowers tiered along stem, pink, spike formation, whorled
Stem/Bark:
Square stems
Cultural Requirements:
Dry soil, full sun (OK in shade)
Landscape Uses:
Foliage, nice seed heads in winter
Notes:
Blooms May to July




Latin Name: Polygonatum biflorum
Common Name: Solomon's seal
Family: Asparagaceae
Origin: Eastern/Central North America
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Upright
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Alternate
Leaves: Pinnate, lanceolate, connected by clasping ligule
Flowers: Pendulous, white 
Stem/Bark: Arching stalks
Cultural Requirements: Shade, dry shade, moist to wet soils
Landscape Uses: Groundcover, foliage
Notes: Spreads aggressively

Latin Name: Salvia guarantica
Common Name: salvia, "Black and Blue"
Family: Lamiaceae
Origin:
Guatemala, Southern Mexico
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Opposite
Leaves:
Decussate, fat base narrowing to an acute point
Flowers:
Dark calyx tube, blue bi-labiate corolla, bilaterally symmetric
Stem/Bark:
Square stems
Cultural Requirements:
Full sun, organic soil
Landscape Uses:
Colour, foliage
Notes:
Attracts hummingbirds


Latin Name: Lobelia tupa 
Common Name: devil's tabacco, tupa
Family:
Campanulaceae
Origin:
Chile
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Whorled, sessile, ovate-lanceolate, serrulate, acute tip
Flowers:
Bilaterally symmetric, racemose, dark calyx, reddish tube-shaped corolla
Cultural Requirements:
Full sun, well drained soil 
Landscape Uses: Colour, form
Notes:
Attracts hummingbirds

Latin Name: Euphorbia griffithii
Common Name: euphorbia, spurge
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Origin: Bhutan, Tibet, Southwest China
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Mounded
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Alternate
Leaves: Lanceolate, reddish in autumn
Flowers: Terminal, cymose, bracts under each inflorescence 
Stem/Bark: Stems filled with burning white sap
Cultural Requirements: Moist to dry soil, full sun to semi shade
Landscape Uses: Foliage
Notes: Don't plant near playgrounds

Latin Name: Persicaria amplexicaulis
Common Name: red bistort
Family:
Polygonaceae
Origin:
Himalayan
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Stem leaves petiolate, inflorensence leaves clasping, serrate margin
Flowers:
Small, pinkish flowers on a spike
Cultural Requirements:
Moist soil, full sun to semi shade
Landscape Uses:
Colour, form
Notes:
Flowers mid/late summer



Latin Name: Veronica peduncularis
Common Name: creeping speedwell  
Family: Plantaginaceae
Origin:
Central Asia
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Matlike
Habit:
Spreading
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Decussate, toothed
Flowers:
Small blue flowers, cymose, 4 petals, 2 stamens, 4 sepals
Cultural Requirements:
Moist soil, full sun to semi shade
Landscape Uses:
Ground cover
Notes:
Semi evergreen, flowers heavily in spring then continuously until winter


Latin Name: Actaea simplex
Common Name: bugbane
Family: Ranunculaceae
Origin: Northeast Asia
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Upright
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Opposite, basal
Leaves: Palmate, lobed, compound, jagged margin
Flowers: Racemose, white, branched infloresence
Cultural Requirements: Semi shade, moist soil
Landscape Uses: Striking spike with colour
Notes: Flowers in late summer

Latin Name: Phygelius capensis
Common Name: cape fuchsia
Family:
Plantaginaceae
Origin:
South Africa
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Opposite
Leaves:
Deccusate, simple
Flowers:
Panniculate, pinkish, tube shaped
Cultural Requirements:
Full sun, well drained soil
Landscape Uses:
Coulour, height, form
Notes:
Sometimes defined as a sub-shrub



Latin Name: Epimedium grandiflorum
Common Name: fairy wings, barrenwort
Family:
Berberidaceae
Origin:
China, Japan, Korea
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial 
Form: Mounded
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate Leaves: Compound, biturnate, spines on margin
Flowers:
Can be many colours, bilaterally symmetric, petals are nectar spurs
Cultural Requirements:
Moist to dry soil, partial to full shade
Landscape Uses:
Low height/ground cover
Notes:
Flowers emerge at the same time as leaves in early spring


Latin Name: Artemesia sp.
Common Name: wormwood, mugwort 
Family: Asteraceae
Origin: Temperate Asia
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Upright
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Alternate
Leaves: Pinnate, deeply divided, silvery
Flowers: No ray florets, not grown for flowers; some hybrids don't flower
Cultural Requirements: Well drained soil, full sun to semi shade
Landscape Uses: Contrast in foliage colour
Notes: Greyish foliage is due to many small hairs covering surface of leaves

Latin Name: Phlox paniculata
Common Name: border phlox
Family:
Polemoniaceae
Origin:
Eastern US
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Opposite
Leaves:
Lanceolate, short petiole
Flowers:
5 lobed calyx, long tubular corolla, pink, pannicle
Cultural Requirements:
Dry to moist soil, full sun
Landscape Uses:
Summer colour and fragrance
Notes:
Flowers in June/July



Latin Name: Eryngium variifolium
Common Name: sea holly
Family:
Apiaceae
Origin:
Northern Africa
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Spiny bracts on infloresents; basal leaves have toothed margin, rounded apex, fleshy
Flowers:
Blue, globose, compound
Cultural Requirements:
Dry soil, full sun
Landscape Uses:
Attractive seed heads for winter
Notes:
Flowers in July/August


Latin Name: Crocosmia "Lucifer"
Common Name: montbretia
Family: Iridaceae
Origin: South Africa
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Upright
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Alternate, basal
Leaves: Long, pinnate, lanceolate, flat attachment at base
Flowers: Red, tubular shape, pannicle formation
Cultural Requirements: Hardy, dry soil, full sun to semi shade
Landscape Uses: Colour, attractive seed heads
Notes: Grows from corms, attracts hummingbirds

Latin Name: Hedychium coccineum
Common Name: orange ginger lily
Family:
Zingiberaceae
Origin:
Himalayan
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright/mounded
Habit:
Clump forming  
Buds: Alternate
Leaves:
Pinnate, lanceolate
Flowers:
Orange flowers on a spike
Cultural Requirements:
Needs good drainage and protection form the cold
Landscape Uses:
Eye catching colour
Notes:
Appears in July, flowers late summer/fall



Latin Name: Lysimachia clethroides
Common Name: gooseneck loosestrife
Family:
Myrsinaceae
Origin:
China and Japan
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Ovate, entire margins
Flowers:
Racemose, white, drooping
Cultural Requirements:
Wetter soils, semi shade, organic soil
Landscape Uses:
Colour, form
Notes:
Spreads aggressively, flowers in mid/late summer



Latin Name: Houttuynia cordata
Common Name: houttuynia, chameleon plant
Family: Saururaceae
Origin: East and Southeast Asia
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Matlike
Habit: Spreading
Buds: Alternate
Leaves: Thick base narrowing to pointed apex, reddish colouration in "Chameleon" hybrid
Flowers: White flower with yellow probe in centre
Cultural Requirements: Wet soils, full sun
Landscape Uses: Ground cover
Notes: Spreads so aggressively and is so difficult to remove that it is not recommended to plant this species.... ever. It stinks like wet dog.

Latin Name: Kniphofia triangularis
Common Name: red hot poker
Family:
Xanthorrhoeaceae
Origin:
South Africa
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Basal
Leaves:
Sword shaped, prominent mid-rib, pinnate
Flowers:
Spike formation, tubular shape, determinate flowering
Cultural Requirements:
Dry soil, full sun
Landscape Uses:
Eye catching colour
Notes:
Attracts hummingbirds



Latin Name: Agapanthus africanus
Common Name: agapanthis, Nile lily
Family:
Agapanthaceae
Origin:
South Africa
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Basal
Leaves:
Pinnate, lanceolate
Flowers:
Umbeliferous, blue flowers on long stalks
Cultural Requirements:
Good drainage, dry soil
Landscape Uses:
Size, foliage, colour, seed heads in winter
Notes:
Flowers July/August


Latin Name: Incarvillea diffusa
Common Name: hardy glocsinia
Family: Bignoniaceae
Origin: Himalayas
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Upright
Habit: Clump forming
Buds: Alternate
Leaves: Ovate, serrated margins
Flowers: Bilaterally symmetric, racemose, pink, tubular
Cultural Requirements: Moist, organic, well drained soil; semi-shade
Landscape Uses: Interest, colour
Notes: This is an uncommon species within the genus in the landscape trade

Latin Name: Rodgersia aesculifolia
Common Name: rodgersia
Family:
Saxifragaceae
Origin:
Northern China
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Basal
Leaves:
Lobed, margin serrated, palmately compound, spatulate shape
Flowers:
Pannicle formation, white florets, close in appearance to Astilbe infloresents
Cultural Requirements:
Wet, organic soil; semi-shade
Landscape Uses:
Foliage, covering large areas
Notes:
aesculifolia is hard to spell



Latin Name: Macleaya cordata
Common Name: plume poppy
Family:
Papaveraceae
Origin:
China and Japan
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Compoundly lobed, scalloped margin, petiolate
Flowers:
Pannicle formation, white
Stem/Bark:
Very tall, unbranched stems to 6-10 feet
Cultural Req
uirements: Semi shade; moist, organic, well-drained soil
Landscape Uses:
Height, interest
Notes:
Will self seed but is not invasive


Latin Name: Heuchera sp.
Common Name: alumroot, coral bell
Family:
Saxifragaceae
Origin:
North America
Tree/Shrub/Herb:
Herbaceous perennial
Form:
Upright
Habit:
Clump forming
Buds:
Alternate
Leaves:
Valued for their foliage, varigated leaves, basal
Flowers:
Many coloured racemes
Cultural Req
uirements: Moist, well drained soil; full sun to partial shade  
Landscape Uses: Colour, form
Notes:
Flower in the spring

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