Module 4 - Week 4

Latin Name: Ipheion uniflorum
Common Name: spring starflower
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Origin: Argentina, Uruguay
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Low foliage and taller flowering stalks
Habit: Spreading
Leaves: Basal, linear, acute apex
Flowers: 6 tepals (3 outer, 3 inner), pale purple, solitary
Cultural Requirements: Full sun, endures summer dryness, well drained soil
Landscape Uses: Early spring colour, groundcover
Notes: Will self sow

Latin Name: Iris unguicularis
Common Name: Algerian iris
Family: Iridaceae
Origin: Greece, Turkey, Western Syria, and Tunisia
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Evergreen herbaceous perennial
Form: Sprawling foliage and flowering stalks
Habit: Spreading
Leaves: Flattened, basal, linear
Flowers: 6 purple petals, 3 with yellow/white patterning
Cultural Requirements: Moist, well drained soil, partial sun
Landscape Uses: Evergreen ground cover, stunning flowers
Notes: Spreads rhizomotously

Latin Name: Prunus incisa
Common Name: Fuji cherry
Family: Rosaceae
Origin: Japan
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Deciduous shrub
Form: Upright, arching
Habit: Dense, irregular
Leaves: Deeply incised
Flowers: White petals, yellow anthers, in clusters, pendulous to shed water
Bark: Purple/brown bark, heavily lenticeled 
Cultural Requirements: Full sun, well drained, moist soil
Landscape Uses: Early spring colour, interest shrub
Notes: Grows very slowly

Latin Name: Mukdenia rossii
Common Name: mukdenia
Family: Saxifragaceae
Origin: China, Manchuria, Korea
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Low foliage with taller flower stalks
Habit: Spreading groundcover
Leaves: Maple like, 12-15cm aross, palmately lobed, serrated margin
Flowers: Clusters of small white florets with yellow centres
Cultural Requirements: Full sun to partial shade, moist, well drained soil
Landscape Uses: Ground cover, reddish new foliage
Notes: Rhizomatous

Latin Name: Euphorbia myrsinites
Common Name: creeping spurge
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Origin: SE Europe and Asia Minor
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Evergreen perennial
Form: Leaves whorled around stems and flowers terminal
Habit: Prostrate
Leaves: Whorled, imbricate, triangular, pointy, bluish-green colour
Flowers: Flowers recessed behind outermost leaves, yellow, cyme
Cultural Requirements: Lean, dry, well drained soil
Landscape Uses: Evergreen groundcover
Notes: Sap is extremely caustic

Latin Name: Plectritis congesta
Common Name: seablush
Family: Valerianaceae
Origin: Western North America
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous annual
Form: Basal leaves and flowering stalks
Habit: Dense carpet
Leaves: Ovate, acute apex
Flowers: Terminal pink clusters, involucre of hairy bracts
Cultural Requirements: Moist, acidic, organic, well drained soil, partial shade
Landscape Uses: Groundcover
Notes: Forms rosettes over winter

Latin Name: Rhododendron oreodoxa
Common Name: mountain glory rhododendron
Family: Ericaceae
Origin: China
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Evergreen shrub
Form: Arborescent
Habit: Arching stems
Leaves: Medium sized elliptic leaves
Flowers: Pink petals, black anthers, 10-12 flowers per head
Cultural Requirements: Moist, well drained woodland conditions
Landscape Uses: flowering shrub for large garden spaces

Latin Name: Polystichum polyblepharum
Common Name: Japanese eyelash fern
Family: Dryopteridaceae
Origin: Japan
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Perennial fern
Form: Fronds originating from central axis
Habit: Low arching sprays of fronds
Leaves: Hairy stipe, dark green, Vs of small brown sori on underside
Cultural Requirements: Moist soil, very tolerant of dry shade
Landscape Uses: Evergeen cover in dry shade
Notes: AKA tassel fern

Latin Name: Magnolia zenii
Common Name: zen magnolia
Family: Magnoliaceae
Origin: China
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Deciduous tree
Form: Upright
Habit: Arching stems
Leaves: Typical magnolia leaves
Flowers: White petals with pale pink markings, buds erect before opening
Cultural Requirements: Moist, acidic, organic soil, well drained, full sun
Landscape Uses: Deciduous tree for large spaces
Notes: Critically endangered in the wild

Latin Name: Ajuga reptans 
Common Name: common bugle
Family: Lamiaceae
Origin: Europe
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Evergreen perennial herb 
Form: Low, matlike
Habit: Spreading
Leaves: Opposite, deccusate, ovate, irregular margin
Flowers: Verticilaster infloresence, blue flowers
Cultural Requirements: Shade and moisture loving
Landscape Uses: Ground cover
Notes: Rhizomatous and stoloniferous

Latin Name: Acorus gramineus 'Variegatus'
Common Name: variegated sweet flag
Family: Araceae
Origin: Garden origin
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Evergreen herbaceous perennial
Form: Basal blades and flowering stalks
Habit: Clump forming 
Leaves: Flattened leaves produced in one plane, stripe down centre
Flowers: Black spadix, reduced spathe
Cultural Requirements: Moisture loving, partial shade
Landscape Uses: Grassy texture in wet areas
Notes: Will spread once established

Latin Name: Primula juliae
Common Name: primrose
Family: Primulaceae
Origin: Eastern Caucasus
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Round
Habit: Prostrate
Leaves: Simple, basal, glabrous, obovate, serrated margin
Flowers: Solitary, 5 petalous, dark purple
Cultural Requirements: Full sun to part shade, moist soil (especially in sunnier spots), well drained
Landscape Uses: Early spring colour, ground cover

Latin Name: Anemone nemorosa
Common Name: wood anemone
Family: Ranunculaceae
Origin: Europe
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Low, matlike
Habit: Spreading
Leaves: Deeply divided leaves in 5 parts, divisions are lobed
Flowers: White pendulous flowers
Cultural Requirements: Moist, acidic, well drained soil, partial shade, woodland conditions
Landscape Uses: Ground cover
Notes: Can be aggressive in woodland conditions

Latin Name: Lysichiton americanus
Common Name: skunk cabbage
Family: Araceae
Origin: Western North America
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Basal flower stalks and shoots
Habit: Cascading from centre
Leaves: Very large, obovate
Flowers: Yellow spathe, spadix begins green then flowers white, male florets above females
Cultural Requirements: Very wet anaerobic conditions, shade to partial shade
Landscape Uses: Native interest in wet areas
Notes: Doesn't really stink that bad

Latin Name: Pulmonaria saccharata
Common Name: Bethlehem sage
Family: Boraginaceae
Origin: France and Italy
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Low foliage with flowering stalks
Habit: Spreading
Leaves: Spotted, lung shaped
Flowers: Purple and pink florets on a scorpioid cyme
Cultural Requirements: Partial shade, moist, well drained soil
Landscape Uses: Colour interest in early spring
Notes: People used to think this would fix your lungs

Latin Name: Epimedium x rubrum
Common Name: barrenwort
Family: Berberidaceae
Origin: Garden origin
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Low leaf cover with taller flowering shoots
Habit: Spreading
Leaves: Reddish, chordate, 3 leaflets per leaf
Flowers: Racemes, red sepals, yellow petals
Cultural Requirements: Moist, acidic, well drained soil, full sun to partial shade
Landscape Uses: Ground cover
Notes: Spreads rhizomatously

Latin Name: Muscari latifolium
Common Name: grape hyacinth
Family: Asparagaceae
Origin: Pine forests in Turkey
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Herbaceous perennial
Form: Flowering spikes with basal leaves
Habit: Erect
Leaves: Basal, singular, wrapping around flowering stalk
Flowers: Purple spikes, lighter top with a darker bottom portion
Cultural Requirements: Thrive well in dryness under a pine needle layer
Landscape Uses: Early spring colour
Notes: Will naturalize and spread to some degree

Latin Name: Matteuccia struthiopteris
Common Name: ostrich fern
Family: Onocleaceae
Origin: Temperate northern hemisphere
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Perennial fern
Form: Erect
Habit: Tightly packed fronds
Leaves: Spore producing leaves appear before vegetative leaves
Cultural Requirements: Moist, well drained woodland conditions, shadey
Landscape Uses: Texture within more dramatic plants
Notes: This plant is the source of edible fiddleheads sold at grocery stores

Latin Name: Luzula sylvatica
Common Name: great wood-rush
Family: Juncaceae
Origin: Europe, SW Asia
Tree/Shrub/Herb: Evergreen perennial grass
Form: Low, dense, matlike
Habit: Spreading
Leaves: Linear, flattened blades with acute apex
Flowers: Small whitish flowering heads, round flowering stalk
Cultural Requirements: Wet, shaded, woodland conditions
Landscape Uses: Grassy groundcover 
Notes: Rushes are round